Method and apparatus for forming glass articles



Sefit. 16, 1930. D. L. MIDDENDORF 1,775,964

METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR FORMING GLASS ARTICLES Filed 1925 4 Sheets-Sheet 1 IN VEN TOR.

ATTORNEY Sept. 16, 1930. D. L. MIDDENDORF 1,775,964

METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR FORMING GLASS ARTICLES 4 Sheets-Sheet 2 Filed Aug. 4, 1925- ATTORNEY Sept. 16, 1930. o. MIDDENDORF 1,775,954

METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR FORMING GLASS ARTICLES Filed 25- 1925 4 Sheets-Sheet 3 IN VEN TOR.

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A TTORNEY Sept. 16, 1930. D. L. MID-DENDORF 1,775,964

METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR FORMING GLASS ARTICLES Fil s- 1925 4 Shoots- Sheet 4 v t I W 2 fla /'0 L Mada/706 IN V N TOR.

2 BY 8 ATTORNEY -.ware, the Ware very frequently shows mol Patented Sept. 16, 1939 [warren star DAVID L; MIDDENDOE-F, OF COLUMBUS, OHIO, ASSIGNOR TO THE FEDERAL GLASS CUM- i ?ANY, OF COLUMBUS, OHL'O, A CORPORATION 01? OHIO METHOD AND APPARATUS F0 R FORMING GLASS ARTICLES Application filed August 4, 1325. Serial No. 48,112.

My inventionrelates to method and ap paratus-for forming glass articles and has to do, particularly, with the provision of a method and apparatus for treating shaped .or partially shaped masses of molten glass,

whereby the resultant articles of glassware are of a higher quality than articles heretofore produced.

In the manufacture of articles of glass marks, caused by the contact of the hot with the relatively cold surface of the men. or other shaping implements. The mold or other shaping instruments may be of co2n paratively porous material, and the surface ofthe glass which contacts-with the implementsmay show the pores of such implements.- Also any irregularities in the shapingimplements which may be caused in the making thereof, such as'tool marks, may show up in the surface of finished articles. The contact of the hot glass with the relatively cold surfaces, due to these, or other reasons, may cause azcrinkling or roughening of the'surface of the article.

In the manufacture of articles of glassware of high quality, the crinkled or roughened exterior surfaces of the articles caused by contact of the hot glass'with the relatively cold shaping implements, is overcome byisubjecting the outer surfaces of the articles, after they have attained their final form, and after removal from the shaping receptacle, to the heat of a furnace or the like- Thissubjecting-of the article to heat is ofsuch' an extent as to soften the exterior surfacesand allow the glass to resolidify, free from: the crinkles or roughness. This process is commonly known as fire-polishing. This fire-polishing produces a high brilliance and luster on the exterior surfaces the article whereby the quality of the article increased.

In glassware, it is desirable that the in- I terior surfaces of most articles be as smooth possible. One of the dilficulties heretofore encountered in the manufacture of articles of glassware is that of producing an article roughening of the interior surfaces of the article, by the shaping instruments, and the quality of the ware is thereby depreciated;

The fire-polishing process, which over comes the marks produced on the outside of the article by the mold, or other shaping instruments, makes possible the production of articles of high quality, with the exterior surfaces of a high brilliance and luster. These articles, however, often show the marks produced on the interior surfaces, and this defect tends to lessen thequality of the article. Furthermore, the interior surfaces of the article do not have a brilliance and luster comparable to that of its outside surface. This dullness of the interior surf to reduce the brilliance and his whole article, whereby the uality of the article is further lessened.

One of the objects of my invention is to polish the interior surfaces of articles of glassware, whereby the erinhles or roughness caused by the contact of the glass with the shaping instruments are removed, and th interior surfaces caused to have a high state of brilliance and luster.

Another object of my invention is the provision of an apparatus for forming articles of glassware whereby all of the surfaces of the article may be polished, and crinkles and roughness ren'n'rxed therefrom.

Another object of my invention is to pro vide for automatically fire polishing the interior surfaces of articles of glassware, whereby such surfaces are given a high brilliance and luster.

Still another object of my invention is the provision of means whereby articles of glassware, which are formed by being pressed and before beingffinally shaped.

I Still another object of my invention' 'is the 2O formation ofwalls of provision of means whereby articles of pressed, or: pressed and blown glassware, inlay be fire-polished while such ar icles remain in thepressing and blowing machine. A further ob ect of my invention isthe provisionofsan apparatus whereby an article of glass may be ressed, finally blown, and

shaping machine.

' Arfurther object is to bring all the walls of i the" partly shaped article to a uniform heat so itwill expand equally when, blown up, because otherwisethe walls'ofthe partly shaped article, are sometimes shaped thin in some-places and these thin places are cooled l "morethan'the'heavier places, resu ting inthe uniform thickness in the finished article. 1 1 t I Alurther object of my invention is the provision of means whereby an article-of glass'may be pressed and then simultaneous- 'ly firepolished andfinally shaped. 1

' "For purposes of convenience, l' have shown in the drawings,- a glass-shaping machine withmy'i'nvention associated therew and placed betweenthe' pressing plunger and the blow headof the 111210111116 I have shownthe shaping machinejprovided Wltll asuitable timer, and 1 suitable means for rotating the table ofthe machine. It is to be understood that the timer, the rotating means, and't'lieshaping machine may be of any-desired type.

for feeding the molten glass into the molds 0f the shaping machi v sis'tof shaping a mass of molten glass to for-in a blank l re-pol shing the surfaces of the blank and then finall shann the blank to r b l form the'completed article My method may consistof shaping a mass ofinolten glass to forma blank, fire polishing the surraces of the blank, and initially eip'ancling the blank,

and then finally shaping the blank to coinplete the articlei lt nay consist of shapinga mass o't nolten glass to form a bla ,finally shaping theblank and then'fire polishing the surfaces of the finally shaped blank before its removalfrom the shaping machineyto complete the article; V

rls shownin-thedrawings; for purposes of convenience, a mass of'inolten glassfis' first deposited in a mold of a sh'apingmachine. The mold containing the mass of molten glass may now be caused to align with a pressing plunger, and the pressingplunger may be.

ous recesses of the 'mold, forming a blank. "fl I The aressin lun 'eris then lifted andthe,

1 UP a a formed blanket glass'jtransierredfrom the The blew mold containing. the .iblank isj 7 then brought'into alignment with that japl Iparatus 'of'iny invention, which may be p termed the fire hea'd. the time of align-g nientthe 'firehead is dist'an'ced'from the mold,f then fire-polished'beiore remo'ved iiroin the;

pressing mold'toa' blow mold.-

and and-air under slight pressure; is

- burning int-he mouth of the; fire head in the nature of a pilot light; The 'fire'head may. I:

new; befmoved intoclose proximity to the mold, and}simultaneously, the pressure of and air,1burning'in the mouth of the fire head,v is increased, resultingin a'hot blast;

As the fire head is moved closetothe mold; "the hot blast is directed into the interior of the formed glass int'he mold. I ;The'movementor thefirehead tow'ard the m ldcOn-f :taining the" blank may be relatively slow, the v I to f i speed .01? such movement being variable. o By varying; the speed in: which the fire Jhead moves toward the mold containing'theblank;

thel'ength of time of playingthef-hot b'last into the blank can be regulatedasidesired;

and the intensity and extent ofjthe treatment 5 1 is thus variable. I I

in addition, the "fire head adjustableasd that if desired it maybe caused toseat upon the blOW'lllOlCl, or' the closenessitowhichit' l approacaes the blow mold may be'ivarie'd' to meetvarious conditions and -requirements. i If desired, my inventlon may be employ'ed' Also, means of any desired kindmay be'used to fully blow'or form blast instead of air,

[ The directing otthe hot blast int dithe blank i loo theware with fire allot treats and polishes the interior thereof,.-and is r elf-ecti-ve to remove crinkles v. or rou 'hness.

caused bythe contact'of the-hot glass'with the pressing plunger T or other shaping:

struments. Furthermore,

in the IHOlClfWlth the hot blast ofzgas-and when theffirehea dis eagle into close proximity with the'blankeof glass. 3

air burning underpressure and issuing from "the mouth of the fire head, this-sanie press": 7 sure causes slight expansion of tl16.fOIII16d' l j article of glass. This slight expansionof the articleadditionally assists in removing crinkles or roughness; andjthe 'blank th'usslightly expanded is in a more desirablefcon dition for finalblowin The firehead can be caused to lHOVe into anydesired degree oi" closeness to thernold containing the blank,

whereby the amount 'oi'initial expansion caused by'the pressuremay b'eeregulatedztof:

suit dilferent conditions and requirements;

The fire head'may now be moved away,

fromthe mold, and simultaneouslyv the pres-,

sure'of the gas and air is'reduced 'to sucha {point asto' permit a slight burning thereofi sufficient only for a pil-otl-ight. The-mo'Ve-I: ment of the. fire head away from. the mold-a relatively fast, so that the hot blast will not be played upon the surfaces of the mold or 7 other parts of the shaping machine.

1 The mold containing the blank, which now has its interior surfaces polished, may now be aligned with a blow head of any desired type, where the blank may befinally shaped, and after final shaping may be removed from the shaping machine in any desired manner.

It will be understood that I have thus .described my method, to conform with the showing in the drawings, and that such showing in the drawings, and description of the meth 0d, are so made for the purpose of illustration only. I desire to have it understoodthat my apparatus may be associated with a shaping machine so that the article of glass may be polished at any desired step in its formation. Also, it is to be understood that my method is not to be limited to the structure shown and described, but that my method may be employed with any desired type of shaping apparatus, or with any desired type of timer for the shaping machine, or with any desired means for feeding the molten glass into the molds of the shaping machine. I further desire it to be understood that my device may be used to polish the surfaces of articles of glassware, which articles are pressed only, and are not blown.

Various other objects of my invention will be brought out in the following specification and the claims appended hereto. The various objects of my invention are preferably obtained by the structure illustrated in the drawings wherein similar characters of reference designate corresponding parts and wherein:

Figure 1 is a front elevation of aconventional glass-pressing and blowing machine, together, with a suitable timer for the machine, showing my invention associated therewith.

Figure: 2 is a diagrammatic View, showing the system of pipes conducting air under pressure, and showing the parts of the glass-shaping machine and fire-polishing device to which such air under pressure is conducted.

Figure 3 is a diagrammatic view, showing the system of pipes conducting air under pressure, and the parts to which such air is conducted, and also showing one system' of pipes which conducts airunder pressure intermittently, and the parts to which such intermittent air is conducted.

Figure 4 is a diagrammatic view, showing the system of pipes conducting airnnder pressure, and the parts to which such air is conducted, and also showing still another system of pipes which conducts air under pressure intermittently, and the parts to which such intermittent air is conducted.

Figure 5 is'an enlarged detail view of the table rotating means, partially in section,

looking in the direction of the arrows 55 of Figure 1.

Figure 6 is a top plan view, partly in section, of a portion of the table rotating means shown in Figure 5.

Figure 7 is a vertical sectional view of the starting valve, which controls the two general conditions of the machine.

Figure 8 is a vertical sectional view of the fire-polishing device, showing the manner in which it is attached to the glassshaping machine. 7

Figure 9 is a side elevation of the sup port for the fire-polishing device, looking in the direction of the arrows 9-9 of Figure 8.

Figure 10 is a longitudinal sectional view of the injector.

Figure 11 is a section taken on line 11-11 of Figure 10, showing the manner in which air under pressure is conducted through the injector.

Figure 12 is a section taken on line 1212 of Figure 10, showing the manner in which gas is conducted through the injector.

In order to facilitate an understanding of my invention, I have prepared a diagrammatic showing in three figures, illustrating many of the important structural elements of my invention, showing their manner of operation free from the numerous details of actual construction. These figures are the Figures 2, 3 and 4.

In these figures will be seen the timer, which admits intermittent puffs of air under pressure, timing the operation of the machine; the reversing valve which is opened intermittently, admitting puffs of air under pressure in timed relation to the puff of air admitted from the timer, to reverse the condition set up by the timer; and the starting valve, to the opposite ends of which the puffs of air from the timer and reversing valve are conducted. Also, in these figures will be seen the table lock which locks the table of the glass'shaping machine in fixed position at the proper time; the cylinders of the mechanism which causes rotative movements of the table; the release member, which causes a disconnection between the table, and the table rotating mechanism at the termination of a rotative movement;' the blow head of the glass-shapin machine; and the device for fire polishing the glassware.

In Figure 3, I show the structural ele ments, the piping system 120 which conducts air under constant pressure and the piping system 123 which leads from the starting valve and which conducts air under pressure intermittently. In this figure, I show the Valve 13 of the timer in open position, the lug 12 opening the valve, which admits a puff of air past the valve, into the pipe line 122, and thence into the starting valve through the pipe connection 18 thereof. This puff of air pushes, the piston of the starting valve. to the position shown in this figure. The pipe line 122 hasa restricted opening 122 which permits of a gradual leakage ot'the air pressure from this pipeline, but such leakage is not suflicient to interfere with the operation of. the piston 15.

, With the piston 15ofthe starting valve in this position, as; shown in Figure 3, con

stant air in the line12O passes'through the starting valve into the lin'e123. The air in I this line sets up one ofthe two general conditions in the operation of the machine; This 7 line conducts air tothe table lock through 76, in the nature of a pilot light.

ytable-rotating the pipe connection 28'thereot; to the release membertor the table-rotating means through the pipe connection thereof; tothe cylinder 30 of the tabledotatmg mechanism through the pipe connection 31 thereot; and to the blow head otthe lass-sha 3111 ma- 7 a v Q 0 I chine. In addit on, the pipe line 123 admits air into the cylinder 700i the fire-polishing device'through the pipe Connection 72 and into the injectorthrough the pipeconnection 92. H

' Inthis case the mold-Carr in table of the 7 b, glass-shaping machine is unlocked by the downward movement of the member 25',

the table is rotated by the movement of the piston 33 in the cylinder 30, andthe release member 51 is moving upward so that a porj tion of the table rotating mechanism may-be caused to move underthe member 51' when the table-rotating mechanism reache'sthe end of its movement. Also,the piston 73 of the fire headdevice is caused to move upward, in turn, moving the fire head 76 toits upward or inoperative position; The air-entering the i in ector through the connection- 92 causes a movement of the valve inthe injector so that the mixtureotgas and air through the pipe connections 101 and 102 is decreased, as shown by the area permitting a burning of low intensity in the mouth of the fire head In Figure 4,1 show the structural elements together with the piping.system 12() which conducts air under constant pressure, and the piping system lfliwhich conducts air under pressure intermittently. The airin line 124 controls t e secondgone of the two general conditionsin the operation of the machine. In this figure, the lug-12 has passed out of contact with the valve in casing'13, this-valve now being seated.- The reversing valve' lti is opened by the member 45 of the mechanism striking valve, when the piston 33, together with the rotating mechanism approaches the end of] its forward movement. (See Figure 5.)

{Upon the opening of this valve a puff of air is admitted into the line 125, thence into the starting valve through the'pipe connec tion19. This moves the piston 15 to the position shown in Figure 4, and such movement such ispermitted because jthe pressureinvthe .pi'pe linej122 has; seeped out through-the restricted 1 opening 122 .as showninFigure3. The pipeline 125 hasla restricted: opening 125 to per- I -mit exhaust o lf air in the pipe line 125, and to'a'llow the reverse movenientof the piston 15, when the valve 13 opened. 1 V

In this position, constant air fromline 120, passes through the starting valve, and into of the timer is again the line 124. This air line conducts air to'the s V table-locking means through the pipe, con nection 29 to therelease for the table rotat-; ing'means through the pipe connection 56 and-into the cylinderBO of the table-rotating" means through the pipe'connection 32. Air is also conducted'by thisline into the blow head 8,;and into thecylinder 7O of'the fire-polishmg device through the connectlon 71 thereof.

In this condition, we have the table, lock 25moving-upward to lockthe table; the blow 1 7 head is moved downward into operative poment of the'member 51 '(see Figuret) and more backward in a directiontheflreverse to that-previously describechfreefrom the table,

by the air entering thewcylinder '30 through the connection 32.] At this time, the firehead of the 'iire-polishing-idevice is caused to move sition; the table-rotating mechanism isreleased from the table by the, downward movee0 thetable,rotatingmechanisn is causedfto downward into operative position-by the air 7 entering thefcylinder 7 O through the pipe connection 71 thereof; Also, the mixtnreof gas and a1r in the 1113 ectoris 1nereased,as:in-

offire head 76fis increased. y 1 Following this condition, the timer valve 13 is'again opened for an instanti andthe operations just described are repeated. '7

Referring now to Figure 1, I show my "fire-polishing device, as designatedrby the numeral-1, assoclated wlth a conventlonal type of glass-shaping machine 2. The. glass-- shaping machinehas a suitable table hav-- ing mounted thereon pressing molds 1 and blowing molds 5 1 I The glass-shaping maehine has a pressing plunger 6, aetransferdevice 7 andla, blow head 8 Positioned below the mold carrying will be presentlydescribed.

' 'Asuitableftimer 10 is provided, andmay table is a secondary table 9, for rotating the o moldcarrying table, the operation: of which 5.

be rotated by any desired means, i The timer is provided witha disc ll -vhaving a lug 12 1 attached near the peripheryof the disc, and lug .12 carried by the rotating disc 11. I

a valve 13 positioned in fthe pathjof the -The starting valve of the'machine, as best shown inFigure 7, is'indicatedvby thefnumoral Hand comprises a cylinder witha sire piston-15 operating therein and having reduced portions to form cavities 16 and 17. The starting valve 15 provided with plpe connection 18 at one end of the cylinder and a connection 19 at the opposite end thereof. The valve is also provided with a connection 20 located centrally of the piston, and with pipe connections 21 and 22 extending oppositely from the pipe connection 20. Suitable exhausts 23 and 24 are provided in the valve, and which extends oppositely from the pipe connections 21 and 22.

The mold carrying table is provided with a lock, consisting of a bolt 25 with a piston 26'on one end of the bolt operating in a cylinder 27, which cylinder 27 has pipe connections'28 and 29.

The shaping machine is provided with a table rotatin means as best shown in Fig- ?3 3 ures 5 and 6. The rotating means comprises a cylinder 30 having pipe connections 31 and 32 in opposite ends thereof, and a piston The piston has a rod 34 extending out of the cylinder 30 and into a cylinder 35. A suitable piston 36, of smaller diameter than the piston 33, is attached to the rod 34 and operates in the cylinder 35. The cylinder 35 has a pipe connection 3 in one end. thereof. Attached to the rod 34, as shown at 38, is a table-moving means, comprising a hook member 39 and a plunger or bolt 40. The book 39 and bolt 40 are rigidly associated witheach other and are actuated in an upward direction bythe spring 41. The bolt '40 operates in recesses 44 in the rotating table 9. The table rotating means has an outstanding lug 4-5 adapted to cooperate with the reversing valve 46. The reversing valve 46 operates in a chamber 47, which chamber hasa pipe connection 48 in one end thereof and a pipeconnection 50 in the opposite end.

When the table rotating means approaches the end of its movement in rotating the table, the lug 45 carried by the rotating means opposite end a piston 53 operating in a cylinder 54. The cylinder has pipe connections 7 55 and 56 in opposite ends thereof.

The fire-polishing device is attached to the glass-shaping machine by means of the bracket 60, as best shown in Figure 8. The bracket 60 terminates in a cylinder-like end portion as shown at 61. This cylinder-like portion is split throughout its length, as best shown in Figure 9. On opposite sides of the split, the bracket is provided with bosses 67 and 68. The boss 68 has a hole therethrough which allows the passage of a bolt 69, and the boss 67 is internally threaded to receive the threaded end of the bolt 69.

The lire-polishing device has a shank 62 which fits into the cylinder-like end portion of the bracket 60 and which shank is preented from rotation therein because of a key 62 positioned in key-ways in the shank 62 and in the interior wall of the cylinder.

The shank 62 has a recess therein, which 'ecess is threaded and adapted to receive he threaded end portion of a shaft 63. The iaiit 63 a collar 66 which contacts with e upper interior surface of the cylinderke member of the bracket, and the shank extends through the top of the cylinder has attached to its upper end a member 4 similar to a winged nut. This member 64 keyed to the shaft 63, and is held in posion by the nut 65 fitting on the threaded uper end of the shaft 63.

The eylim'ler-like end portion of the brace 60 is clamped around the shank 62 by drawng together the faces of the split in the cylinder member, by turning the bolt 69. A fire head is thus adjustably mounted in this end portion of the bracket. In order to make an adjustment of the fire head, the nut 69 may be loosened whereby the cylinder does not tightly clamp the shank 62, and then the winged nut 64 may be rotated as desired, causing a rotation of the member 63. The rotation of the member 63 causes a raising or lowering of the shank 62 by reason of the action of the threaded portions of the members 62 and 63. During such adjustment the shank 62 is prevented from rotation in the cylinder-like member by the key 62. In making an adjustment, to cause a lowering of the fire head, the collar 66 of the shaft 63 contacts with the interior surface of the top of the cylinderlike member, thus rigidly retaining the position of the shaft 63, and forcing the shank 62 downwardly. In making an adjustment, to raise the fire head, the winged nut 64 cont acts with the outer surface of the cylinder, maintaining the shaft 63 in fixed position, and by the action of the threaded portions of the shank 62 and shaft 63, the shank 62 is drawn upwardly into the cylinder. After any desirable adjustment has been made in raising or lowering the fire head, the bolt 69 may be tightened and the adjustment thus maintained.

The fire head further comprises a cylinder 70, having a pipe connection 71 in one end thereof and a pipe connection 72 in the opposite end. Operating within the cylinder is a piston 73 having a piston rod 74 extending out of the cylinder, which is screw threaded upon its extremity as at 75,. A fire head 76 is internally threaded and adapted to be fitted upon the screw threaded extremity of the piston rod 74. The fire head 76 i t sl mouth 78.

has 2, flexible pipe'connection 77 and an open From this it 73in the cylinder 70, I have provided anadjusti'ng means for regulating the path of such f ;1-eciprocebie movement. By the use" of'thi's ad usting means',' thepa'th of movement of the fire head may be so regulatedthat the fire "-.P'os ition'ed in, the air line Whichcon-nects with the )iueconneotion72 is a check valve 80.1 This check valve is a combination oi" a ing sides as shown 11183. p p I adjusted to'any desired distance from the sides 83 bythe needl'eBi, having a nut85 for maintaining, the desired adjustment. This adjustment; is adapted to regulate the in thelchamberi82, which chamhe'rhas slant The ball 81- is hflows of' air past the hall 81 upon the down f'The injector useclY'Wit-hfmy shown in, Figure 10, comprises a bodyQOhaV in'gza cylinder 91'fWith pipe; connections 92 and Operating in'the cylinder is a 'differentialpiston'94: With a rod '95 extending 'j' 'ihe chamber 96 has ports 97 and98 adapted t c/he alignedwith circumferential grooves. I. 99 anl 100 in'therod'95, upon movement of thexr'od to the; proper position" Ward movement of the fire head piston, 7 The che'ckvalve is provided with apipe c011 ne'ction 86 'onthe opposite side of the ball froiii'thepipe connection 72 i therefrom. and operating in a chamber 96.

The? injector 90 has pipe connections 101 I 'and102, The-connection 101 supplies air-un v, der constant pressure andcommunicates with ;.the port, 98, whichport 98 in turn comm'uni' c'ates ,With the chamber 103. through the r I groove in the rod 95,- and which chamber communicates. with the chamber 104. f The pipe. connection 101 also communicates with thechamber 10 1 through the restricted passage oftheorifice plug 105,7(see, Figure 11)..

The pipe connection102jsupp1ies as under nressure a nd communicates with the port 1 connection of the pipes 101and. 102 through f 97 which inturn communicates, throng-lithe groove'99 in'the rod 95, with the chamhe'r108,

fwhichi chamber communicates with the chain her 107 through the scv eralorifices 108. Po-

" sitionedin the 1111 3 102, is an orifice plug'lll,

I Whichplug'permitspassage oi propera'mount of gas. The pipe connection 102 also C011}: municates with the chamber 107 through th restrictedpassageof the orifice plug 109 (see ,FigurelQ). 3

' YThje chamber 104- communicates with the jpassagewayjlw, and both the passageway 10 Will be, seen that in addition to providing a fire headfwhich has a rec prolcating movement, by the action ofthe piston ball ancl'needleva1ve. The ball 81 operates f and chamber 107 communicate wtih the'jVentu'ri tube 112, fr'on1 which tubeleadsthe pipe 77., The pipe 77'enters the firehead 76 of V the fire-p,olis'hing device, and communicates V with'theinouth 7 8 ofsu c'h fire heads 7 111 opera-t1on,a1r under constant pressure 1s admitted to the cylinder91 through thefpipe' connection 03;}Air under pressure is inter mittently aclniittedtothe cylinder l, through the pipe connection 92., The"airadmitted throu hithe connection 92'acts ontheface of the piston 921, having ana'rea greaterthan Z j that-face ofthe'pistonon which acts the air admittedthrough 'the connection93. Thusf when. air is admitted through connectlon 92,? it moves the'p'iston and .rod 95 to'the left,

e ie ns orems 9,7 and 98' With the 'grooves99 end 100. When the air admittedthlfou'ghthe connection 92 is out ofii and eX-' hausted, the constant ia-ir entering through -connection 93 to cos the piston and rod back to the position shoWnin Figure1O, realign ing' the ports and grooves as above; setforth.

.g Vi hentthejair under} pressure entering s V through pipe connection 92is cutofi andeX- ;haustechjthe piston 9 1is movedtotheposition shownin Figure ,10,and under pres- I sure is conducted through'the pipe connection 1 101', through .the port 98"in;;the1hodyof; the injector 90, through the groove 1OO"'iln the rod 9 5, and; through the chamber I 103,5thn

through the chamber 104,;andthen int0 the passage Ll In like manner i'gas" under of the iniector'90, thenceithroughfthe groove pressuroiis conducted through thepipe con; nection 102 through theport97 in the body througlitheseveral orifices 1 08 and into the chamber 107 ,The air under preSsureinthe passageway 110, and the gasinthe chamber 1 107 now enter, and mix, in the fyenturi "tube V g V 1 112, from whichpoint such gas anclair is concluctedtothe fire head throughtheipipe 77, i and the burning of such gas and airin the j mouthfof the fire head takes pl'aceuncleripres' 1 In'the continued operatiomair under pres sure isadinitted through connection 92- aiidthe pisto1i9emoves to. the endsofthe cylinders having ,thepipe connection, 93,: and the grooves'99 and 1-00 in therod'95 will be disasf sociatedh'oin the ports 97and 98, Whereby i cates with the passage 110 by the restricted opening 105ponly, "(see Figure ,11)I; a-nd in r the cha1nbers-,103;and106iscutoif. Inthis I .pos1t1on the pipejconnection lOlcomm'u'nisimilar mannerpipe coiinectioni1'02 connects reduced,--so thatthe intensityofthe burning ofthe 'g'asand air in the fire; head is and only a pilot light'remains,

reduced,-

The fire-polishing unitis supplied with gas under constant pressure from any desirable source by means of the pipe line 121, which connects into the injector 90 through the pipe connection 102.

It will be understood that the pressing plunger 6 of the shaping machine and the transferring means 7 are supplied with suitable power, such as air pressure from any desirable source, which source, if desired, may be separate from that supplied to the machine by the pipe line 120. It will, furthermore, be understood that the plunger 6, and the transferring means 7, in operation, are suitably timed either from the table 3 or from the timer 10, as desired.

In operation, the timer 10 is suitably rotated and the lugs 12 on the disc 11 strikes the valve 13, admitting a puff of air to the line 122, thence through the connection 18 into the starting valve 1 1. The line 122 has a restricted opening 122 to permit of the exhaust of air therein, the opening being positioned adjacent the Valve 13. This opening is not of sufficient size to prevent the operation of the starting valve when the puff of air is admitted into the line 122. This restricted opening will allow a gradual leakage of the pressure in line 122 after the piston in the starting valve 141 has been moved into the position as shown in Figure 4:.

The puif of air thus admitted into the line 122 moves the piston 15 into position shown in Figure 7. This permits of the connection of the air in line 120 through the con nection 20 of the starting valve through the groove 17 and out through the connection 21. At this time the connection 22 is connected through the groove 16 to the exhaust 24. The air pressure is now conducted into line 123 to the connection 28 of the tablelocking means, where it operates on the piston 26 and unlocks the table 3. At the same time air is admitted to the cylinder 30 of the rotating mechanism through connection 31 (see Figure 5), causing a movement from right to left of the piston 33, the rod 3 1 and the same movement of the table-rotating means 39. The movement of the member 39 causes a movement of the rotating table 9 because the lug 40 of the member 39 is engaged in a recess 1 1 of the rotating table 9, which rotating table in turn causes a rotative movement of the mold-carrying table.

Simultaneously with the unlocking and rotating ofthe table, air under pressure is admitted from the pipe line 123 through the pipe connection into the cylinder 5%, and

" raises the piston 53 and hook 51. This hook member 51 is raised so that a portion of the member 39 of the table-rotating mechanism may pass under the hook 51, and at the end of the rotative movement of the table, and

upon the locking of'the table, the member 51 will be caused to move downwardly, bringing with it the member 39, so that the lug 40 will be removed from the recess 44. (See Figure The movement from right to left of the;

piston 33 of the cylinder 30 is somewhat retarded or slowed by the fact that air under pressure is admitted to the cylinder 35 and cushions such movement.

The pipe line 123 conducts the air under pressure to the blow head and to the fire head. Simultaneously with the unlocking of the table and the rotating of the table, the air in the line 123 causes the blow head 8 to lift. The air from line 123 enters the injector through the connection 92. Owing to the fact that the piston 94 is a differential piston, the air admitted through connection 92 moves the piston 94 in the cylinder 91 and causes a disalignment of the grooves 99 and 100 in the rod 95 with the ports 97 and 98. Thus, the air and gas entering through connections 101 and 102 are disconnected from the chambers 110 and 107, except for the restricted openings 105 and 109. These restricted openings admit such quantity of gas and air into the line 77 as to cause only a slight burning of the fire in the mouth 78 of the fire head. The injector may be so arranged, for example, by inserting blank orifice plugs in the restricted openings 105 and 109, so as to entirely out the mixture of gas and air between mold presentations, and so that when the fire head 7 6 moves downward into operative position, the gas and air issu--' ing therefrom will be ignited by the hot glass in the mold.

hen the full pressure of gas and air is cut off as above described, air pressure is at the same time admitted into the cylinder will lift the ball 81 and the air will have rapid movement into the cylinder 70, whereby the piston 73 and head 7 6 have a rapid upward movement.

The table is now unlocked, it is rotated'by the movement of the piston 33 of the cylinder 30, the blow head is lifted, the fire head or polishing means is lifted and the pressure of the air and gas burning in the mouth of the fire polisher is decreased to such degree that only a pilot light remains.

During the above movement of the mold table, and as the mold table approaches the end of its forward movement, the finger 15 moving with the rotating means 39 now strikes the valve 46. The operation of this valve admits air pressure from line 120, through connection 18 into the line 125. The line 125 connects with the starting valve through the connection 19 and forces the piston 15 to the opposite side of the cylinder.

' 'to'f'orce the piston, 26, and plunger up-' The air under pressure which was admitted through the pipe connection 18 is now exhausted by the restricted opening 122 1in the, line 122, as has already, been described.

oppositeside of the cylinder, constant air is admitted through the pipe connection 20,

through the chamber 16' and out through the pipe connection 22; At the same time, the air pressure existing in line 123 is exhausted by the connection of that line through pipe con nection 21, chamber'l'i'qand exhaust 23.- T

.The air pressure now'in line 124; is conductedto the tablelocking'mea-ns through the pipe connection 29 thereof, andnoperates ward, the plunger 25 engagingin a suitable recess in the table 3, thereby locking the same.

Simultanenously with the locking of the table, air pressure is admitted tothe cylin der 30 of the rotating mechanism, through thezpipe connection 32. Also, air pressure is mechanism is now at the extreme right end :of its movement and the lug 40 1s engaged with another one of the recesses 4:43- In thls v4,0

admitted to the cylinder 54 operating on the piston 53 therein, which forces the hook, or

catch member 51in a-downward-direction.'

As best shown in Figure 5, the hook member 51 engages themember 39, pulling-the member 39 downward and thus disengaging the lug/iO of the member 39 from the recess't l ;of the rotating table, Thepressure now vforces the piston 33 through the cylinder 30,

and the movement of the piston 33 carries the table-rotating means 39 withit, and at the end of the movement, the dog or'lug L0 is caused to engage in another recess 44, by the aetion'of the spring 41, The table rotating position, the mechanism is ready toagain ro- .tate'the table, when air is admitted to the cylinder 30 through the pipe connection '31, 7 Y3 Airpressureisconducted the line 124 to the blow head, and to the fire-polishing means, by means ofthe pipe oonnectioni'l "thereof; I V j v I The'table is-now in locked position, the

blow head is forced down into operating position andthe fire-polishing means is forced down by'admission'of air pressure through the connection 'i'lto-the cylinder 70, and the table rotating means is being moved back to engage in a new hold. in table 9 in preparation for'the next movement of the table.

' At this time the pressure in the line 123 is. being exhausted through the port 17' and the se rhau'stvalve23 of the starting valve 14.

The pressure thus'beingremoved from the pipe line 123, the air pressure coming into the cylinder through the oonnection71 forces the piston 73, together with the fire head, 76,

downwardly and into close proximity to the blank :in the blow mold. This movement, however, is retarded because of the fact that the air lying below the piston 73 mustbe ex Upon the movement of the piston 15 tothe hausted through the line 7 2 around the check 1 valve ball'81, thence through the connection 86 into the line 123. 1 It will readily be seen that air passing past the check valve in this direction will be restricted and'retarded, the

"degree of restriction andretsirdgttion, being 1 "determined by the positio'nv'of the adjusting needle 84. Theposition of theballmay be regulated as desired by the needle .84 torew strict thefiow of air past itn ore or less, it

movement of the the head in the direction of the blank in the blow mold is'retarded o-r slowed to any desired degree to meet differ-y ent'con ditions and requirements. a

table, the downward movement of the blow .W 3 Simultan ously with'the locking of the I head, and the downwardfmovement of tl 1e fire head, the pressure removed from the 'in--' ector through the pipe. connect1on192f(see- Figure 10) I Upon removing this/pressure, the constant air suppl ed through'connectlon 93 forces the pistonto move in thecyl nder 91 Zwhereby the groove ,lO0vis'a-lignd'l with the port" 98, andthe groove 99, in the rod 95,;

aligned with the'port97, Thus, the, ad-

mission of gas and air intothe tube 77 is greatly increased, whereby thefintensity of the-flame burning in'the cmouth 'l' 8 of the head'76 is increased, forthepurpose-of fire Jolishin the interior of a blank.

At this time,.'up on he contn u'edrotation of the'timer 1 0, thelug: 12 strikesthe valve 13, admittinga puffof air throughrhe line 122 through a the connect-ion 18, into the starting valve 1 h :This'rn'oves thepiston 15 back to the opposite end of 'the cylinder,'and'the" opthrough the pipe connection 19 has a re Thus, when thewpiston I5 is moved by tion 19, the air pressure in the connection 19 and line125 has seepedo-ut allowing free movement of the piston 15. a H I Thus, it will be seen that'lprovide a iirepolishing device whichreciprocates to and from blanks of glass ina fmold wherein the movement towards the blank may beretarded to any desired speed, 'Wherebythe treatment ofthe glass may be regulated so as to meet various conditions and requirements, and wherein'the movement away fromthe blank is relatively fast, whereby the fiamejof the .fire-pelisihngdevice is not played upon the mold, or other parts of theshapin'g machine.

' As the fire head moves toward the blank, the

pressure ofthe gas and afir'burning in the eration just describedisrepeated T'heline 125 which connects the starting valve 14 stricted opening 125 similar 'tothatin' line 122. 7 air through the connection 18 towards that end of the cylinder, 'CQIltEtlIllIlg the connec I mouth 78 is increased, causing a hot blast, which hot blast is directed into the blank, thereby polishing the interior surfaces thereof. It will also be seen that when the fire iead moves away from the blank the pressure of gas and air burning in the mouth 78 is redu so that there remains only a pilot light or small flame burning under light pressure. Also, this flame may be cut ofl' a this time as above explained.

It will, furthermore, be observed that while the polishing is being done that the pressure of the gas and air burning in the mouth "[8 extends into the blank and slightly expands the same, whereby the blank is in a more desirable condition for final shaping. The manner in which the fire polishing and initial e:;- panding of the blank can be regulated by the change in the speed in which the fire head moves toward the blank, or by the change in the path of the fire head, has been pointed out. Furthermore, the path of the fire head may be so regulated as to cause the fire head to seat upon the mold, whereby the tire polishing and final shaping of the blank may be performed simultaneously.

It is further seen that with my invention, in the making of pressed and blown ware, the blank may be first formed and then given a heat treatment before final shaping, at the same time applying sufiicient fluid pressure to the interior of the blank to initially expand it to remove and eliminate any crinkles or the like. Furthermore, in the use of my invention the interior of the walls of the blank are given such a heat treatment that the walls thereof are brought to a uniform and even temperature so that in final blowing the walls will be blown out to final form in an even and uniform manner, giving the walls of the article a uniform thickness. This eliminates uneven wall thickness due to the walls of the blank being of uneven temperature.

I have shown my device as associated with a shaping machine of conventional type with a suitable timer therefor, and suitable rotating means for t' e table of the shaping m.- chine. I desire it to be understood, however, that such showing is for the matter of convenience, and that the fire-polishing device may be used in glass-shaping machines of any desired kind, or with any desired type of timers or with any desired type of machines for feeding the glass into the shaping machine.

I'Iaving described my invention, I claim:

1. In a machine for shaping molten glass, a mold carrier, press molds on said carrier, blow molds on said carrier, a neck ring, means for pressing glass in said press molds, means for blowing said pressed blank in said blow molds, an automatic transfer mechanism for transferring said pressed blanks from said press molds to said blow molds, and

' means for throwing a flame downwardly into each blank while said blank is in the blow mold and before it is blown to final form.

2. In a machine for shaping molten glass, a mold carrier, press molds on said carrier, blow molds on said carrier, a neck 7 ring, means for pressing glass in said press molds, means for blowing said pressed blank in said blow molds, an automatic transfer mechanism for transferring said pressed blanks from said press molds to said blow molds, a means for throwing a flame downwardly into each blank while said blank is inthe blow mold and before it is blown to final form, and means for automatically decreasing the heat of the flame applied to the mold carrier and other parts in between treatment of successive blanks.

3. In a machine for shaping molten glass, a mold carrier, press molds on said carrier, blow molds on said carrier, a neck ring, means for pressing glass in said press molds, means for blowing said pressed blank in said blow molds, an automatic transfer mecha nism for transferring said pressed blank from said press molds to said blow molds, a means for throwing a flame downwardly into each blank while said blank is in the blow molds and before it is blown to final form, and means for automatically causing said last-named means to assume a position relatively remote from the mold carrier and associated parts during the movement of said carrier.

4. In a machine for shaping molten glass, a mold carrier, press molds, blow molds, a neck ring, means for pressing glass in said ress molds, means for blowing said pressed blanks in said blow molds, an automatic transfer mechanism for transferring said pressed blanks from said press molds to said blow molds, means for throwing a flame downwardly into each pressed blank before final blowing, and means for adjusting said last-named means to vary its proximity to said blanks when in operative position.

5. In a machine for shaping molten glass, a mold carrier, press molds, blow molds, a neck ring, means for pressing glass in said press molds, means for blowing said pressed blanks in said blow molds, an automatic transfer mechanism for transferring said pressed blanks from said press molds to said blow molds, means for throwing a flame downwardly into each pressed blank before final blowing, means for automatically moving said last-named means towards and from said carrier, and means for varying the path of movement of said means for throwing a flame.

6. The method of forming articles of glassware which comprises forming a shaped blank, initially expanding said blank by the application of gas and air burning under pressure and then finally shaping said blank by blowing it in a blow mold.

"(."The method of forming articles of glassware which comprises forming a shaped blank and then expanding-said blank by the application of gas andair bufning under pressuref r I 8. The method 0f forming" articles: of glassware Which comprises forming a shaped blank and then expandingand polishing said 7 "blank by the application thereto of gas and i" airrburning'under pressure; I .jfIli" testimony whereof I hereby .aflix my; signature. v 1 I f 1 DAvlDLpMlDDENDORFr M ss 

